Crusher.



'W'TNESEES" /ZKP'NVENTDR R. C. NEWHOUSE. CRUSHER. APPLIoA-TION FILEDJULY z2, 1912.

1,066,218, Patented 11115111913.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co..wAsHlNGroN. D. c.

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RAY C. NEWI-IOUSE, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLISCIIALMERSCOMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, AVCORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CRUSI-IER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led .Tuly 22, 1912. Serial No. 711,334.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, RAY C. NnwI-IOUSE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State ofWisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inCrushers7 of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements 1n the construction of Crushersfor rock, ore, and similar substances.

An object of the invention is to provide a crusher in which material iscrushed by the direct approach of at least one of a pair of crushingmembers toward the other, the feeding of the material through thecrusher chamber being accomplished by so rotating the crushing membersthat centrifugal force will automatically act upon the material toadvance same from the feed to the discharge end of the crusher.

Another object of the invention is to provide various detailimprovements in a crusher in which the crushing is accomplished byadmitting uid under pressure between opposed surfaces carried by thecrushing members. p

The primary features of the crusher disclosed but not claimed herein areclaimed in a co-pending application Serial No. 711,333, filed July 22,1912.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention may be had byreferring to the drawing accompanying and forming part of thisspecification in which like reference characters designate the same orsimilar parts in the various views.

Figure 1 is a transverse horizontal section through a fluid pressureactuated crusher. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a fluid pressureactuated crusher, a transverse vertical scction having been takenthrough the inclosing casing of the crushing elements. Fig. 3 -is atransverse vertical section through the driving mechanism of a Huidpressure actuated crusher, the section being taken along the lineIII-III of Fig. 1 looking' in the direction of the arrow.

The crusher consists essentially of a pair of opposed crushing members6, 9, provided with wearing liners 4, 5, respectively. The crushingchamber formed between the wearing liners 4, 5, has a feed hopper 1directed into its mid portion and is provided with a free annulardischarge opening adjacent the peripheries of the liners 4,y 5. Thehousing 2 which supports the feed hopper 1 incloses the crushingelements and has a free discharge opening 54 at its lower end. The

housingl liners 3 are secured to the housing 2 and are adapted to arrestthe motion of maerial discharged from the crushingcham- Patented July 1,1913.

The hollow outer shaft 22 is supported in the bearing 19 of the frame 49and has an outwardly projecting fiange 8 formed integral with one of itsends. The crushing member 6 is fixed to the outwardly projecting flange8 of the hollow shaft 22 by a series of through bolts which pass throughthe member 6 and iiange 8 and clamp these elements against the ends ofdistance pieces or sleeves 7 preferably sleeved on said bolts. The innershaft 10 is supported in the central bore of the outer shaft 22 and hasthe crushing member 9 formed integral therewith. The inner shaft 10 isfree to rotate as well as reciprocate within the central bore of theouter shaft 22.

The outer shaft 22 isprovided with an outwardly projecting flange 21 towhich the cylinder or casing 23 is secured by means of a series ofbolts. The driving gear 25 is secured to the casing 23 and meshes with apinion 26 carried by the countershaft 27. rlhe countershaft 27 iscarried by suitable bearings 50, 51, formed in one with the main crusherframe 49. A bevel gear 28 is secured t-o an end of the countershaft 27and meshes with a second bevel gear 29 carried by the crank shaft 30.The crank shaft 30 is supported in suitable bearings formed in one withthe main frame 449, and is adapted to be rotated by means of a pulley31. The pulley 31 is fastened to one of the two shafts 27, 30,r in thepresent instance to the shaft 30, this selection of the shaftspermitting the changing the direction from which thev crusher drivingpower is applied. The bevel gears 28, 29, are provided with a suitablehousing 59 which prevents the admission of undesirable gritty materialsto the gears.

The piston 24 which is secured to the end of the inner shaft 10 by meansof a lock nut 44, fits snugly within a central bore of the casing 23 anddivides the interior of this casing 23 into a pair of pressure chambers20, 35. Relief valves 37, which are normally held closed by springpressure, are adapted under abnormal pressure conditions withinthechamber 35 to by-pass fluid directly through the piston 24 to thechamber 20. A spring pressed by-pass valve 36 is adapted under abnormalpressure conditions within the chamber 20 to permit the passage of fluiddirectly from the chamber 2O to the chamber 35. plate 3S permitsreadyinspection of the relief valves 37 and the by-pass valve 36.

The end of the inner shaft 10 upon which the piston 24 is mounted, has acentral bore 15 the one end of which connects directly with the chamber35 and the opposite end of which is connected through a series of'largeports 164 with the chamber 20. The displacement piston or plunger 12closely fits the bore 15 ofthe inner shaft 10 andis adapted to bereciprocated within the bore 15 between the chambers 20, 35. Thedisplacement plunger operating` rod 14 is connected with the crosshead33 which is adapted to be reciproca-ted within a suitable crossheadslide 34 carried by the main Crusher frame 49; The reciprocat-ion ofthev crosshead 33 is effected by the crank shaft 30 through theconnecting rod 32. The end of the crosshead slide 34 adjacent the crankportion of the shaft30, and the connecting rod 32 is provided with aninclosing cap 60 whichk permits ready inspection of these parts. The rod13 is carried by and eX- tends away from the plunger 12 in a direction`opposite to that of the actuating rod 14. The rod 13 closely fits and isadapted to reciprocate within a smaller central bore' 11 of the innershaft 10. The actuating rod 14 in emerging from the casing 23 passesthrough a stationary pipe 45 supported by a portion of the slide 34. Anannular chamber exists between the inner cylindrical sur face of thepipe 45 and the outer cylindrical surface of the rod 14, this chamberbeing connected through a port near the end of the pipe 45 with thefluid supply pipe 46. rl`he joint between the casing 23 and the pipe 45is packed by means of a suitable stuffing boX 4S. The joint between therod 14 and the slide 34 is packed by means of a suitable stufling box4'7. Accessibility to the stuffing boxes 47, 4S, as well as to thebearing 59 which supports the overhanging` end of the casing 23, ispermitted by a removable cover 58 which coacts with the slide 34. Thecasing 23, gear 25 and pinion 26 are also inclosed within a suitablehousing 53 which has been omitted from Figs. 1 and 3 to avoidcomplicating the drawings.

A low pressure supply pump 39 is adapted to be driven continually fromthe countershaft 27 by means of a belt coacting with the driving pulley40 of the pump 39. The supply pipe 46 which connects with the chamber35I is connected through an adjustable check valve 63 directly with thedischarge of the pump 39. A branch of A removable handhole the dischargeof the pump 39 connects through an adjustable spring subjected bypassvalve 64 with the by-pass pipe 62 and with the air chamber 61. Theby-pass pipe 62.connects directly with the pump supply pipe 41. The pumpsupply pipe 41 connects directly with the fluid supply chamber 56 formedin themain crusher frame 49 below the main bearing 19.

A port 42 formed in the casing 23 is adapted to permit the free passageoffluidl directly from one of the chambers 20, 35, to the other. Thisfree passage of fluid is, however, normally prevented by means of amanually operable valve 43 which con'- trols the port 42.

The bore 11 of the inner shaft 10 is connected with the bearing betweenthe inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 22 by means of a, port 52, seeFig. 1. The bearing between the shaft 10 and the outer shaft' 22 isconnected by means of a port 55 with the bearing 19 of the outer shaft22, see Fig. 2. The end of the bearing 19 is connected by means of asuitable port directly with the supply chamber 56.

A means for limiting the rearward motion of the crushing member 9 isprovided in the ferm-of an adjustable set screw 1S which passes throughthe flange S carried by the outer shaft 22. The end of this set screw 1Sis directly in line with a surface formed on Vthe circular ledge 17 ofthe crushing member 9.

During the normal operation of the crusher the pressure chambers 20',35, as well' as the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 are filled with afluid, preferably oil. rlhe crushing member 6 is positively rotated bymeans of power applied through the crank shaft 30, bevel gears 29, 23,countershaft 27, pinion 26, and gear 25 to the casing 23. rl`he crushingmember 9 is not positively rotated but will rotate at substantially thespeed of the crushing member 6, due to the friction between coactingportions of the members as well as the lodging of the material beingvcrushed, between the liners 4, 5. The displacement plunger 12 isreciprocated within the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 simultaneouslywith the rotation of the crushing members by the crank shaft 30 whichconnects with the plunger 12 through the connecting rod 32, crosshead 33and operating rod 14. As the gear 25 is very large compared to thepinion 26, the plunger 12 will complete a number of reciprocations orcrushing impulses during each revolution of the crushing members.

The material to be crushed is admitted to the mid portion of thecrushing` chamber formed between the liners 4, 5, Jthrough the inlethopper 1. The reciprocation of the plunger 12 alternately forces fiuidfrom within the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 into l t-he pressurechambers 20, 35. During the motion of the plunger 12 toward the crushingmembers 6, 8, the fluid from within the bore 15 is forced into thechamber 20, while fluid is drawn from thechamber 35 into the free end ofthe bore 15. This displacement of the fluid in the chambers 20, 35,causes the piston 24 to move away from the crushing member G, thuscausing the liner 5 to recede from the liner 4 and permitting thematerial admitted to the crushing chamber to take a position due to theaction of centrifugal force thereon, nearer the peripheries of theliners 4, 5. During the return stroke of the plunger 12, that is, awayfrom the crushing member 6, fluid is forced from the bore 15 into thechamber 35, while at the same time fluid is drawn through the ports 16vfrom the pressure chamber 20 into the bore 15. This displacement of thefluid in the chambers 20, 35, causes the piston 24 and crushing member 9to move forward. This forward motion or direct approach of the crushingmember 9 toward the crusher member 6, effects crushing of the materialwhich is at all times being wedged between the liners 4, 5, by theaction of centrifugal force thereon. After successive approaches andrecessions of the crusher member 9 toward and away from the crushingmember G, the material is eventually sufficiently crushed to permit itsfree passage from the annular discharge at the peripheries of the liners4, 5. The crushed material discharged from the crushing chamber isprojected against the liners 3 of the casing 2 from which it drops bygravity through the discharge opening 54.

Due to the alternate high pressures within the pressure chambers 20, 35,considerable leakage will occur past the piston 24, the plunger 12, thedisplacement rodl 13, and the outer surface of the shaft 10. The fluidwhich leaks past the displacement rod 13, is automatically forced by thepumping action of this rod through the passage 52 to the bearing betweenthe inner shaft 10 and the outer shaft 22. Due to the pumping action ofthe plunger 12, the fluid which enters the bearing between the innershaft 10 and the outer shaft 22 from the bore 11, together with directleakage from the chamber 20, is forced through the port 55 to thebearing 19. The overflow fluid from the bearing 19 passes directlythrough the port at the end of this bearing to the chamber 56.

In order to maintain the volume of the fluid within the chambers 20, 35,and the bore 15 of the inner shaft 10 constant, the low pressure supplypump 39 is operated continuously. lf the pressure within the chamber 35is reduced below a predetermined low limit, which limit is preferably afew pounds over atmosphere, the check valve G3 opens and permits thepassage of fluid from the pump 39 through the supply pipe 46 to theannular chamber formed between the stationary pipe 45 and the oper-vating rod 14, from which it passes directly to the chamber 35. After thedesired low limit pressure has been established within the chamber 35,the check valve 63 automatically closes and all of the fluid dischargedby the pump 39 is by-passed through the by-pass valve G4 and by-passpipe 62 directly to the inlet side of the pumpk 39. The air chamber 61is normally filled with air under pressure reacting on the fluidsupplied by the pump 39. The object of the air chamber G1 is to preventeXtreme fluctuations of the pump discharge pressure and to maintain thepump discharge pressure substantially constant. The setting of theby-pass valve 64 is such that it will open at a pressure beyond that ofthe fluid supplied by the pump 39 and which is ordinarily maintained ata pressure slightly in excess of the desired low pressure within thechamber 35. The positive opening of the valve 63 will not take place,due to the inertia of the valve, until the desired low pressure withinthe chamber 35 has been by leakage reduced considerably, say severalpounds. The pressure stored within the air chamber 61 will, afteropening of the check valve G3, serve as a cushion and force considerableoil through the valve 63. The valve G3 will remain open until thepressure within the chamber 35 has been restored to its normal value. Itwill thus be seen that the Huid supplying system operates automaticallyto maintain the desired pressure within the chambers 20, 35. It shouldalso be noted that the desired working pressuresl can be varied byvarying the setting of the by-pass valve G4 and the check valve 63. lfsome material, as for instance a piece of metal, is thrown between theliners 4, 5, the pressure within the chamber 35 during the return strokeof the plunger 12 will rise sufiiciently to cause the relief valves 37in the piston 24-to open and permit by-passing of the fluid from thechamber 35 directly to the chamber 20, thus avoiding injury to theworking parts of the machine. The fluid thus by-passed during abnormalconditions of operation, as well as large amounts of leakage into thechamber 20 from the chamber 35 past the peripheries of the piston 24 andplunger 12, will be automatically returned during the forward stroke ofthe plunger 12 through the by-pass valve 36. This construction providesan automatic means for retaining the size of the crushed productdischarged from the crusher constant. The by-pass 42 provides aneflicient means for definitely varying the size of the productdischarged from the crusher. The set screw 1S forms a simple andefficient means for `limiting the rearward motion of the crushing member9. If,

for instance, considerable fluid has been byV passed to the chamber 2Othrough the relief valves Sdue to abnormal conditions of operation ofthe Crusher, the piston 24 will tend to over-travel on its return strokeaway from the crushing member 6. Such overtraveling will, however, beprevented by the set screw 1S which arrests the motion of the piston andcauses the superfluous fluid in thechamberQO to return to the chamber 35through the by-pass valve 36.

It should be noted that the rods 13, Il, must be accurately made of suchsizes with relation to the size of the shaft l0, that the sum of thevolumes of the chambers on opposite sides of the piston l2 will remainconstant. This maintaining of constant vole umes is desirable in orderto prevent the suc` cessive by-passing of a definite amount of vfluidfrom one ofthe chambers 20, S5, to the other during each revolution. Itshould also be notedv that all working parts of the device are wellprotected against the admission of undesirable gritty substances theretoand also that all working parts are easily accessible.

It should be understood that itis not desired to be limited to the exactdetails of construction shown and described, for obvious n'iodificationswill occur to a person skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,-`

l. A crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushingsurfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along thecrushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, and double acting fluidpressure actuated means for effecting the relative motion of saidmembers.

2. A Crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushingsurfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along thecrushing surfaces thereof Yby centrifugal force, and double acting fiuidpressure actuated means for effecting the relative motion of saidmembers transverse to the planes of rotation.

3. Acrusher comprising a pair of crushing members having-crushingsurfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along thecrushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, and means for permittingfluid pressure to act directly between said members for effecting therelative approach of said members to crush material and the relativerecession of said members to permit feeding of thematerial.

e. A crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushingsurfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along thecrushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, and double acting fluidpressure actuated means for moving one of said members toward the otherto crush Vmaterial and away from the other to permit feeding of thematerial.

5. A crusher comprising a pair of rotatable crushing members, saidmembers being rotatable to feed material along the crushing surfacesthereof by centrifugal force and being free to rotate relative to eachother, and means for permitting fluid pressure to act directly betweensaid members for moving one of said members to crush material.

G. In a Crusher, a pair of crushing members, a casing carried by one ofsaid members, a piston carried by the other of said members and dividingsaid casing into opposed chambers, and means for intermittentlyestablishing fluid pressure in said chambers, whereby said crushingmembers arey moved relative to each other to crush material and topermit feeding thereof.

7. In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, a casing carried by one ofsaid members, a piston carried by the other of said members and dividingsaid casing into o-pposed chambers, a conduit connecting said opposedchambers, and displacement means mounted within said conduit and adaptedto move at least one of said crushing members to crush material.

8. A Crusher comprising a pair of crushing members having crushingsurfaces, one of said members being rotatable to feed material along thecrushing surfaces thereof by centrifugal force, fiuid pressure actuatedmeans for moving at least one of said members to crush material, andadjustable means for limiting the motion of said member.

9. In a Crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connectedwith one of said members, a piston connected with another of saidmembers and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, means forvarying the respective volumes of said chambers whereby the members aremoved relatively to each other to crush material, and automatic meansfor permitting direct passage of fluid from one of said chambers to theother of said chambers.

10. In a Crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connectedwith one of said members, a piston connected with another of saidmembers and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, saidpiston having a conduit formed therethrough and connecting saidchambers, and a plunger adapted to reciprocate within said piston forvarying the respective volumes of said chambers whereby the members aremoved relatively to each other to crush material.

ll. In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, double act-ing fluidpressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to theother to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed'pressurechambers, and means for automatically permitting the passage of fluidfrom one of Vsaid chambers to the other.

lfor effecting the relative motion of said members, mechanicallyactuated means for producing high pressure on said fiuid,loW-pressure-fluid supply means for replenishing leakage, meansconnecting said highpressure-fluid actuated means With saidlowpressure-fluid supply means, and means for preventing the return offluid through said connecting means.

lll. -In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, and double acting fluidpressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to theother to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed pressurechambers7 means for automatically permitting the passage of fluid fromone of said chambers to the other, and means for automatically returningsaid fluid.

15. In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, and double acting fluidpressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to theother to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed pressurechambers, means for automatically permitting the passage of fiuid fromone of said chambers to the other, means for automatically rpermittingthe return of said fiuid, and means for arresting the return motion ofsaid moving member.

16. `In a crusher, a pair of crushing members, and double acting fluidpressure actuated means for moving one of said members relative to theother to crush material, said means including a pair of opposed pressurechambers, a relief valve for automatically permitting the passage offluid from one of said chambers to the other, and a by-pass valve forautomatically returning said fluid.

17. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connectedWith one of said members, a piston connected with another of saidmembers and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, means forestablishing pressure in one of said chambers to effect crushing ofmaterial, and meansfor permitting the passage of fluid from one of saidchambers to another to adjust the size of the crusher discharge.

1S. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, a casing connectedWith one of said members, a` piston connected With another of saidmembers and dividing said casing into a plurality of chambers, means forestablishing pressure in one of said chambers to effect crushing ofmaterial, and means for varying the relative volumes of said chambers toadjust the size of the Crusher discharge.

19. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, means for forcingfluid between opposed surfaces of said members whereby said members arecaused to approach each other to crush material, and means for adjustingthe extent of approach of said members.

20. In a crusher, a plurality of crushing members, means for forcingiiuid between opposed surfaces of said members Wherebv said members arecaused to approach each other to crush material, and means for adjustingthe limits of stroke of said crushing members.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto inthe presence of two Witnesses.

RAY C. NEWHOUSE.

Witnesses W. H. LIEBER, GHAs. L. BYRON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for iive cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

